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[Contents] |
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1. Introduction
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1-2 |
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2. Austria
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3-9 |
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2.1. Civil Law Framework
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3-4 |
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2.2. Tax Treatment of Private Foundations
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4-8 |
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2.3. Conclusion
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8-9 |
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3. Belgium
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10-18 |
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3.1. Civil Law Framework
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10-13 |
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3.2. Tax Treatment of Foundations
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13-17 |
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3.2.1. Taxation upon establishment
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13-15 |
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3.2.2. Current taxation
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15-16 |
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3.2.3. Dissolution
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16-17 |
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3.3. International Context
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17 |
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3.4. Conclusion
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17-18 |
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4. Germany
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19-23 |
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4.1. Civil Law Framework
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19-21 |
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4.1.1. Establishment of a Foundation
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19 |
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4.1.2. Foundation Purpose
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20 |
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4.1.3. Governing Bodies of the Foundation
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20 |
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4.1.4. Supervision
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20-21 |
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4.2. Tax Treatment
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21-23 |
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4.2.1. Private Utility Foundations
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21-23 |
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4.2.2. Public Utility Foundation
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23 |
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5. France
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24-28 |
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5.1. General
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24 |
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5.2. Establishment
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24-25 |
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5.3. Types of foundations
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25-28 |
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5.3.1. Public Utility foundation (fondation reconnue d’utilité publique)
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25-26 |
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5.3.2. Particular types of foundations
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27-28 |
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5.4. Dissolution
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28 |
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5.5. The International context
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28 |
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6. Liechtenstein
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29-34 |
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6.1. Introduction
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29 |
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6.2. Civil Law Framework
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29-31 |
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6.3. Tax Treatment of Foundations
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31-33 |
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6.4. Conclusion
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33-34 |
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7. Luxembourg
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35-38 |
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7.1. General
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35 |
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7.2. Establishment
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36 |
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7.3. Existing foundation
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36-37 |
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7.4. Alternatives to the foundation
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37-38 |
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7.5. Dissolution
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38 |
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7.6. International context
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38 |
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8. Netherlands
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39-44 |
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8.1. Civil Law Framework
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39-40 |
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8.2. Foundation Forms
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40-42 |
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8.3. Tax Treatment of Foundations
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42-44 |
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9. Switzerland
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45-48 |
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9.1. Civil Law Framework
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45 |
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9.2. Tax Treatment
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46-48 |
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9.3. Conclusion
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48 |
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10. United Kingdom
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49-53 |
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10.1. General
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49 |
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10.2. Bare Trust
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49-50 |
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10.3. Interest in Possession Trust
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50-51 |
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10.4. Discretionary Trust
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51 |
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10.5. Accumulation and Maintenance Trust
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51-52 |
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10.6. Tax Pool
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52 |
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10.7. Mixed Trust
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52-53 |
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10.8. Trusts and Capital Gains
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53 |
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11. Summary and conclusions |
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54-58 |
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12. Literature |
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59-60 |
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