Search Results - Xenophon

Xenophon

Bust statue of Xenophon, dated to 120 AD (Roman period).<ref>{{cite web |title=Bust of Xenophon – Collections – Antiquities Museum |url=https://antiquities.bibalex.org/Collection/Detail.aspx?a=113&lang=en |website=antiquities.bibalex.org |publisher=Bibliotheca Alexandrina}}</ref> Xenophon of Athens (; }};; }} probably 355 or 354 BC) was a Greek military leader, philosopher, and historian. At the age of 30, he was elected as one of the leaders of the retreating Greek mercenaries, the Ten Thousand, who had been part of Cyrus the Younger's attempt to seize control of the Achaemenid Empire. As the military historian Theodore Ayrault Dodge wrote, "the centuries since have devised nothing to surpass the genius of this warrior". Xenophon established precedents for many logistical operations and was among the first to describe strategic flanking maneuvers and feints in combat.

For at least two millennia, it has been debated whether or not Xenophon was first and foremost a general, historian, or philosopher. For the majority of time in the past two millennia, Xenophon was recognized as a philosopher. Quintilian in ''The Orator's Education'' discusses the most prominent historians, orators and philosophers as examples of eloquence and recognizes Xenophon's historical work, but ultimately places Xenophon next to Plato as a philosopher. Today, Xenophon is recognized as one of the greatest writers of antiquity. Xenophon's works span multiple genres and are written in plain Attic Greek, which is why they have often been used in translation exercises for contemporary students of the Ancient Greek language. In the ''Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers'', Diogenes Laërtius observed that Xenophon was known as the "Attic Muse" because of the sweetness of his diction.

Despite being born an Athenian citizen, Xenophon came to be associated with Sparta, the traditional opponent of Athens. Much of what is known today about the Spartan society comes from Xenophon's royal biography of the Spartan king ''Agesilaus'' and the ''Constitution of the Lacedaemonians''. The sub-satrap Mania is primarily known through Xenophon's writings. Xenophon's ''Anabasis'' recounts his adventures with the Ten Thousand while in the service of Cyrus the Younger, Cyrus's failed campaign to claim the Persian throne from Artaxerxes II of Persia, and the return of Greek mercenaries after Cyrus's death in the Battle of Cunaxa.

Xenophon wrote ''Cyropaedia'', outlining both military and political methods used by Cyrus the Great to conquer the Neo-Babylonian Empire in 539 BC. ''Anabasis'' and ''Cyropaedia'' inspired Alexander the Great and other Greeks to conquer Babylon and the Achaemenid Empire in 331 BC. The ''Hellenica'' continues directly from the final sentence of Thucydides' ''History of the Peloponnesian War'' covering the last seven years of the Peloponnesian War (431–404 BC) and the subsequent forty-two years (404–362 BC) ending with the Second Battle of Mantinea. Provided by Wikipedia
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  1. 1

    Xenophōntos apomnēmoneumata : = Xenophontis commentarii

    Participants: Xenophon; Dindorf, Ludwig August
    Published: 1871
    Publisher: Teubner
    Book Analog
    The allocation of these works from the private libraries of the &quot;4 socialist bibliophiles&quot; enabled the rapid and high-quality stock build-up in the first years after the opening of the AK library in 1921.
    The allocation of these works from the private libraries of the "4 socialist bibliophiles" enabled the rapid and high-quality stock build-up in the first years after the opening of the AK library in 1921.


  2. 2

    Xenophontos Kyroy paideia : = Xenophontis Institutio Cyri

    Participants: Xenophon; Dindorf, Ludwig August
    Published: 1871
    Publisher: Teubner
    Book Analog
    The allocation of these works from the private libraries of the &quot;4 socialist bibliophiles&quot; enabled the rapid and high-quality stock build-up in the first years after the opening of the AK library in 1921.
    The allocation of these works from the private libraries of the "4 socialist bibliophiles" enabled the rapid and high-quality stock build-up in the first years after the opening of the AK library in 1921.


  3. 3

    Xenophontos kyroy anabasis : = Xenophontis expeditio cyri

    Participants: Xenophon; Dindorf, Ludwig August
    Published: 1872
    Publisher: Teubner
    Book Analog
    The allocation of these works from the private libraries of the &quot;4 socialist bibliophiles&quot; enabled the rapid and high-quality stock build-up in the first years after the opening of the AK library in 1921.
    The allocation of these works from the private libraries of the "4 socialist bibliophiles" enabled the rapid and high-quality stock build-up in the first years after the opening of the AK library in 1921.


  4. 4

    Der Zug der Zehntausend : Cyri anabasis

    Participants: Xenophon; Müri, Walter
    Published: 1954
    Publisher: Heimeran
    Book Analog

  5. 5

    Economic growth and declining social welfare

    Participants: Zolōtas, Xenophōn E.
    Published: 1981
    Publisher: New York Univ. Press
    Book Analog

  6. 6

    Griechenland auf dem Wege zur Industrialisierung

    Participants: Zolōtas, Xenophōn E.
    Published: 1926
    Publisher: Teubner
    Book Analog

  7. 7

    Schriften über Sokrates

    Participants: Xenophon, Ephesius; Wieland, Christoph Martin
    Published: 1912
    Publisher: Müller
    Book Analog
    The allocation of these works from the private libraries of the &quot;4 socialist bibliophiles&quot; enabled the rapid and high-quality stock build-up in the first years after the opening of the AK library in 1921.
    The allocation of these works from the private libraries of the "4 socialist bibliophiles" enabled the rapid and high-quality stock build-up in the first years after the opening of the AK library in 1921.


  8. 8